Patio drying spreads coffee on a large concrete or brick surface and rakes it regularly until it reaches about 11 per cent moisture.
Why it dominates in Brazil
Capacity. A country producing a third of the world’s coffee needs to dry enormous volumes, and patios scale in a way raised beds do not.
Brazil’s dry harvest season also makes it reliable.
The weaknesses
Airflow only from above. Coffee in contact with a hot surface dries unevenly, and the bottom of the layer behaves differently from the top.
Ground contact risks contamination and off-flavours if the surface is dirty.
Temperature swings. Concrete gets very hot in the afternoon and cold at night.
Doing it well
Thin layers, frequent raking — sometimes hourly — and covering at night and in rain.
Versus raised beds
Raised beds dry from all sides, more slowly and more evenly, and are now standard for specialty lots. Patios remain standard for volume.
Brewing it
Nothing method-specific; drying quality shows as consistency rather than as a flavour.